← Design notes

The companion market — c.ai & rivals

What the incumbent AI-companion apps look like in 2025–2026 — users, engagement, paid plans, revenue — and which acquisition / retention moves actually worked. Research compiled 2026-08-31; numbers are third-party estimates (Similarweb · Sensor Tower · Appfigures) unless a company figure is named.

Companion apps are consumer AI's engagement champions — 60–90 minutes a day, ~10× the sessions of assistants — yet capture only ~2–3% of mobile gen-AI spend. Willingness to pay doubled in a year, revenue is winner-take-most, and 2025 was the year regulation arrived.

Market snapshot

$120M+
2025 mobile consumer spend, +64% YoY ($82M in H1)
220M
lifetime downloads; 60M in H1 2025 (+88% YoY)
$0.52→$1.18
revenue per download 2024→2025 — monetization maturing faster than the user base
89%
of category revenue goes to the top 10% of 337 apps; only 33 ever crossed $1M lifetime
72%
of US teens have tried an AI companion; 52% use one regularly (Common Sense Media, Jul 2025)

App-store spend only — web-billed players (Janitor, Candy.AI) and China sit on top of this. For scale: total gen-AI mobile IAP passed $5B in 2025; ChatGPT alone took $3.4B.

The field

AppUsersWho they arePaid planEst. revenueTrajectory
Character.aiUS · the category leader ~20M MAU · ~5.8M DAU (29% DAU/MAU) + ~185M web visits/mo; 18M+ user-made characters 52% aged 18–24; fandom/anime culture; web gender ≈ even, app skews female c.ai+ $9.99/mo — speed, priority, early features; <2% est. conversion; ads added 2025 $30–50M ARR 2025 (vs the $2.7B Google licensing deal, 2024) flat peak 28M→20M MAU; held through the Nov 2025 under-18 ban
ReplikaUS · the OG, 2017 ~2M active of 40M+ lifetime sign-ups; ~500K paying ~65% male, ~60% under 30; loneliness-skewed (90% lonely in one academic sample) Pro $19.99/mo · $69.99/yr; new tiers $30 & $120/mo; avg subscriber stays 7.2 months $24–35M/yr losing share flat while the category doubles; never recovered 2023 trust
TalkieMiniMax (CN) · US-focused ~16M downloads · ~11M MAU (2024); #4 US AI app by downloads H1 2024 ~60/40 male/female — best gender balance, via the anime aesthetic Subscription + gacha card draws (collect character cards) + ads $3.1M app-store; most of MiniMax's $79M consumer revenue is ads / other billing volatile pulled from the US App Store Dec 2024; back as「Talkie Lab」Feb 2025
PolyBuzzCloud Whale (CN) · ex-Poly.AI 54M downloads · ~13M MAU; 20M+ characters Gen-Z, soft-NSFW tolerant,「the free giant」 $9.90–29.90/mo + coin bundles; heavy users ~$40/mo $8.3M — deliberately free-heavy growing download machine; monetization lags by design
ChaiUK/US · 12 employees 1.5M+ DAU claimed (2026); 500K+ bot library, ~50K new/day UGC roleplay crowd; permissive content policy $13.99/mo · Ultra $29.99/mo (better model, longer memory) $30M ARR early 2025, $70–80M claimed 2026 (self-reported) growing own small models = cheap inference, fat margins
Janitor AIweb-only · NSFW roleplay ~150M visits/mo; claims 2.5M daily users; 17-min sessions Self-reported 70–80% women; fanfic / c.ai-refugee culture; 18–24 core Nearly free — users bring their own API keys; first sub (Pro $9.99/mo) only Apr 2026 ≈$0 until 2026 huge traffic community + no censorship + BYO-compute scales
Candy.AIEU ·「AI girlfriend」+ images #2 on a16z's web top-100 (2026 ed., as Candy Network) Adult, male-skewed ~$12.99/mo + token packs; typical actives spend $25–60/mo $25M ARR in year one; est. $50M+ now growing hybrid sub + consumables beats flat subs in NSFW
Grok「Ani」xAI · Jul 2025 Grok hit 9.5M DAU / 38M MAU by Dec 2025 Mainstream Grok users pulled in by companions Rides X Premium catalyst animated avatars drove ~40% mobile-usage bump; re-ignited the category
China domestic星野 · 猫箱 · 筑梦岛 6.6M · 5.4M · 0.9M MAU (Dec 2024) Xingye 60% female; otome / fandom-driven Various; light small stalled downloads −80% from peak; CAC crackdown on 擦边 content, Jun 2025

Replika, Talkie, Linky, Chai, Janitor, PolyBuzz, SpicyChat, Candy — the whole top tier is 1:1 chat only. Multi-persona rooms exist only as a c.ai side-feature and in the premium niche (Nomi ≤10 AIs/room, Kindroid).

Time spent per day — the category's superpower

Character.ai
75–92 min
PolyBuzz
69 min
Talkie / Chai
62 min
SpicyChat
54 min
Linky
42 min
Replika
14 min
ChatGPT (ref.)
~7-min visits

Character.ai logs ~298 sessions per user per month (a16z / Sensor Tower) — an order of magnitude above assistants — and ~2B chat minutes a month. But engagement ≠ revenue: its implied ARPU is ~$2.50/user/yr against ChatGPT's $3.4B. Retention context: the median AI app keeps <8% of users at day 30; top companion apps are modeled at 20–25%.

What they did right — the retention playbook

c.ai · Chai · Janitor · PolyBuzz
UGC characters are the moat

User-created characters give infinite content at zero marginal cost — 18M+ bots on c.ai, 50K new bots a day on Chai. Creators get lock-in; chatters get sunk cost in curated libraries and histories. Every companion product that survived all six a16z top-100 editions is a UGC platform.

everyone · also the paywall
Memory is the retention lever — and the meter

A companion that remembers your week gets opened daily; one that resets is a novelty, and novelties churn. Because context = inference cost, apps now sell memory depth as the premium tier (Chai Ultra, PolyBuzz paid tiers).

Talkie · Linky
Gamified relationship progression

Talkie's gacha card draws and Linky's bond levels import gaming monetization: collecting, rarity, leveling the relationship itself. This is why Talkie's revenue-per-user beat chat-only rivals and why category RPD doubled in a year.

Talkie · Xingye · Janitor
Anime + fandom reaches beyond the「AI girlfriend」niche

The anime register reached a 40–60% female user base (Janitor self-reports 70–80% women) where romance-first apps stall male-only. Fandom roleplay culture, not romance, is the bigger market.

Replika · Talkie · category-wide
Proactive contact + streaks

Companion-initiated「I miss you」pings, daily rewards, mood logs and streaks measurably lift return rate — the relationship reaches out, not just the user. 49% of users report feeling genuinely connected.

Grok Ani · Kindroid · Replika
Voice and embodiment multiply engagement

Grok's fully animated companions drove a ~40% mobile-usage jump and 9.5M DAU — a16z credits them with re-igniting the whole category in late 2025. Voice calls are the top paid-tier unlock across apps.

Janitor · SpicyChat · Candy · CrushOn
Uncensored roleplay is the #1 acquisition wedge

The web top-50 is dominated by NSFW-tolerant sites (Candy #2, c.ai #5, CrushOn #9, Janitor #26 in 2026) because app stores won't host them. The entire wave was seeded by one event — Replika's 2023 content purge. Comes with the regulatory bill below.

Chai · c.ai post-Google
Own your inference cost

Chai runs its own small models trained by engagement-RLHF — $30M ARR with 12 employees. c.ai dropped its proprietary models for fine-tuned open-source after the founders left. Janitor offloads compute entirely via bring-your-own-API-key.

Candy · PolyBuzz · 35% of sub apps
Hybrid pricing beats flat subscription

Subscription plus consumable tokens/coins for images, voice and premium actions is now the dominant model; Candy actives spend $25–60/mo vs the $10–20 sub norm. Flat-sub Replika stayed flat in a doubling market.

c.ai · Replika · Janitor
Community outside the app

r/CharacterAI (2.5M members), Discords and TikTok amplify attachment and drive free acquisition. The same communities become the mob when you break something — see below.

What went wrong — the cautionary tales

The Replika「lobotomy」(Feb 2023) — the canonical failure

Under Italian regulatory pressure, Luka silently stripped erotic and most romantic roleplay overnight. Users experienced it as the death of a specific being — the subreddit pinned suicide-prevention resources; refund mentions rose 33×. A partial reversal came a month later, but trust never returned: Replika's revenue has been flat while the category doubled. Lesson: attachment is to a specific persona-state; never change the model or remove a capability silently. The same grief replayed at c.ai's model retirements and OpenAI's GPT-4o deprecation (Aug 2025).

Regulation arrived in 2025

Wrongful-death suits against Character.ai (a May 2025 ruling let product-liability claims proceed — chatbot output treated as a「product」); the FTC 6(b) inquiry into seven companion-bot companies (Sep 2025); California SB 243 (effective Jan 2026: disclosure, crisis protocols, minor protections, private right of action); c.ai's own under-18 ban (Nov 2025); Replika's €5M GDPR fine; China's CAC crackdown that stalled the domestic wave. The category is moving to age-verified, safety-instrumented products.

Platform risk and the monetization gap

Talkie was pulled from the US App Store with no explanation (Dec 2024); Apple keeps purging NSFW gen-AI apps — which is exactly why the highest-intent usage lives on the open web. And the leader's economics stayed upside-down: c.ai converts <2% of users at ~$2.50 implied ARPU/yr; subscriptions alone don't cover inference. Engagement is proven; the business model is still being invented.

The open flank — n:m

-ish differs on both sides of the colon: multi-persona and multi-human. The entire top tier is 1:1 — one user, one bot; multi-AI rooms exist only as a c.ai side-feature and in the premium niche (Nomi, Kindroid), and nobody seats several humans with a persona cast. n:m changes the retention physics: a 1:1 app lives on one user's attachment to one bot; a room dies only when the group dies. Human↔human ties are the moat no incumbent has.

Where the incumbents are heading after the under-18 ban

Two forks are visible, and neither goes where -ish is:

The telling detail: everyone is fleeing the word「companionship」 — downward into adult intimacy or sideways into entertainment — because that is where the lawsuits, the FTC inquiry and SB 243 all point. Nobody is heading toward useful, social talk.

entertainment useful intimate · 1:1 social · n:m 「companionship」— the word everyone is fleeing Fork B — AI entertainment c.ai feeds · Scenes · AvatarFX · ads · Talkie gacha · creator economy Fork A — carded-adult intimacy Candy · Janitor · CrushOn · age-verified NSFW · hybrid pricing assistants (ChatGPT) group entertainment — thin, unclaimed -ish — humans + personas n:m rooms · shared memory games on the table · anchored in the world passes the dinner-table test
The positioning map. The regulators pushed the incumbents out of the centre; both escape routes stay on the intimate side. The social-and-useful corner has no occupant with published retention data — read that as unproven demand as much as open territory: the incumbents' 75 min/day runs on parasocial attachment, which a group room deliberately dilutes. -ish bets that group ties retain instead — the WhatsApp mechanism, not the Replika one.

How -ish differs, beyond n:m

The honest cost side: -ish gives up the intimacy engine behind 75 min/day and the NSFW acquisition wedge, and n:m rooms are far harder to make conversationally good — which is why the floor producer exists, and why nobody else has shipped this.

Sources

Appfigures via TechCrunch · a16z Top 100 Gen AI Apps (eds. 4–6) · a16z State of Consumer AI 2025 · Sensor Tower State of AI Apps · Sacra: Character.AI · DemandSage · SQ Magazine · MiniMax FY2025 results · SCMP on Talkie · Replika ERP post-mortem · 96layers: Replika demographics · Similarweb: Janitor AI · FTC 6(b) inquiry · CNN: c.ai teen ban · RevenueCat 2025 · QuestMobile (China, via woshipm)

Compiled 2026-08-31 from three parallel research sweeps · app-store revenue figures exclude web billing · self-reported claims (Chai, Talkie retention) flagged in place.